Stability Of A Charged Torus

The Charged Ring Model for the electron and proton is based on a toroidal shape for the electric charge distribution. Although it has been shown that such a shape can be in equilibrium, it has not been shown to be stable.

However, Clint Seward of Electron Power, Inc. has discovered that electron spiral torus is stable without an external magnetic field. He has several patents which I list below.

• Clint Seward: "Low-Cost Space Transportation Using Electron Spiral Toroid (EST)Porpulsion"
• Seward: "Energy storage device having a plurality of single charged particles and a charge neutralizer", USA Patent Number 6,140,752
• Seward: "Fixed Geometry Plasma and Generator", USA Patent Number 5,175,466
• Seward: "Energy Storage System", USA Patent Number 5,589,727
• Seward: "Electron Spiral Toroid", USA Patent Number 5,773,919